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Release Date: 1997-09-28
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| Features• ISBN13: 9780375702709
• Condition: New
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Great summer reading bookThis was my summer reading book this year and i have to say im glad we have summer reading after reading this.
A big fan of Ernie GainesI've always been a fan of all of Ernest Gaines' writing. And I am no particular fan of Oprah. But like all his books, I enjoyed this one. I only gave it four stars because somethings I found uncomfortable from my own experiences (as a white woman living in 1940). Not untrue, just from a highly different perspective. And one of the things that I found "worrisome" was the use of Claude Festus McKay's poem "If We Must Die" as theme, with the strong "hog" imagery of the poem and the book: "IF we must die, let it not be like hogs
Hunted and penned in an inglorious spot..."
Having said that, I don't for a minute think that Ernie was using it literally in the sense that Claude McKay did--as an avowed Communist, preaching revolution in the 1920s. I prefer to believe that the Hog in 'A Lesson Before Dying" related to the idea of a "revolution" of the main characters' thinking.
One reason for posting this review is that although I didn't by any means read all 500+ reviews, I think the "hog" was grossly misunderstood; and even in one review the idea that "Bayonne" wasn't a Cajun town was way off because in 1940 except in St. Martin and maybe Lafourche Parishes, there were no Cajun towns. Cajuns were looked down on as much as the Blacks--and some would say even more since they're Caucasians!
It's really sad that many younger readers aren't given more genuine background when they read historical fiction stories--especially of Louisiana. Not only do they miss a lot, they are open to formng warped judgments. That was then; this is now. I mean, Oprah and Ernest Gaines being lionized in 1940 in Louisiana? No way.
[...]
"...that's what we all are...all of us on this earth, a piece of drifting wood, until we-each one of us, individually-decide......to become something else."
It's late October of 1949 (p 87) when, grudgingly, a 28-year-old teacher named Grant Wiggins agrees to his septuagenarian aunt's request on behalf of her (similarly elderly) friend, that he meet with her imprisoned 21-year-old godson, Jefferson, to make a man out of him in preparation for his execution (p 20), "I want a man to go set in that chair..." in spite of his initial defeatist feelings about the situation (p 14) "There's nothing I can do anymore, nothing any of us can do anymore." Since obtaining his degree, Mr. Wiggins, a teacher at the same church school he attended as a child, has gained the respect of blacks, but resentment from whites. He has his work cut out for him in trying to transform this simple young man, who is understandably upset at his defense attorney's choice of words during closing arguments (he describes him as being less than human, going so far as to compare him to a hog) and holds on to that feeling in disregarding the efforts of the visitors to his jail cell. Jefferson is guilty of little more than being a black man in the wrong place at the wrong time in the wrong era in American history, and, in the confusion of criminal circumstances, making a foolish, and ultimately fatal, decision.
Over a period of about six months, Wiggins helps change Jefferson, local persons both black and white, and, unintentionally, himself for the better due to his efforts on behalf of the condemned man. A Lesson Before Dying, a book about capital punishment and the ruinousness of racial injustice, is a better book than Helen Prejean's Dead Man Walking (which I read just prior to this one). Also good: To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee and Tobacco Road by Erskine Caldwell.
An important story with a dull deliveryThis book is often compared with To Kill A Mockingbird. They both deliver lessons of the inherent injustice of racially defined societal hierarchies. The insecure obtuse nature of whites makes life a discouraging grind for blacks. This book delivers that message well. It also makes another point clear. Young black men with potential face a choice of staying local in a certain futility of trying to make a positive change or they escape and abandon their friends and family to another generation of discouragement. The point of the book is clear but that clarity is so direct that the book is rendered somewhat dull. Harper Lee delivers similar messages with the type of irony and lovable characters that are the artistic means of great story telling. Ernest J. Gaines delivers this story with a blunt hammer, hence my assessment of 'Important but dull'.
A Master of Simple Language With a Powerful MessageThe older and, one hopes, wiser I grow, the more I admire and respect simplicity. Simplicity is not simple. Simplicity means clean lines, all that is unnecessary pared away. Simplicity means choosing that one golden word where ten would only confuse the issue. And, that one word can be clear and true.
Ernest J. Gaines is a master of simplicity. A Lesson Before Dying is clean and clear writing, descriptions that say just enough to evoke an entire scene with all senses engaged, all heart and mind present. His dialogue is bare bone, sparse as the dialogue I so admired as a young writer-in-training, enthralled with that other Ernest--Papa Hemingway, and his unique way of capturing the way that people actually speak rather than the stilted narrative voice of the author him or herself.
"It don't matter," I heard him say. He was looking up at the ceiling.
"What don't matter?"
He didn't answer.
"What don't matter, Jefferson?"
"Nothing don't matter," he said, looking up at the ceiling but not seeing the ceiling.
"It matter to me, Jefferson," she said. "You matter to me."
He looked up at the ceiling, not seeing it.
"Jefferson?"
"Chicken, dirt, it don't matter," he said.
"Yeah, it do, Jefferson. Yeah, it do. Dirt?"
"All the same," he said. "It don't matter." (Page 73)
Ah yes, there is that mastery, like a reincarnation of Hemingway, with an artist's understanding of the way that life moves--not in straight lines, but in circles, ever circling on the same spot, trying out its parameters until it is known, only then shifting to the next circle, a slight distance this way, or that, or even back again. I admire this accuracy portrayed in the written word. The novel becomes life.
The life portrayed in this novel is based on two main characters, set in 1940s Louisiana, the deep south, when racism and segregation ran deep, and a black man was imprisoned just for being in the wrong place at the wrong time, innocent that he might be. Jefferson is a simple-minded man who inadvertently ends up in the middle of an armed robbery, and although he has done nothing wrong, is sentenced to die by a legal system that has nothing to do with justice but everything to do with enforcing the status quo. Grant Wiggins seems, at first, Jefferson's opposite--a black man who is educated and intelligent, a teacher at a church school. Both men, however, live in a prison, even as only one of those has tangible bars.
When Jefferson is called "same as a hog" by his own defense attorney, likening him to a dumb animal in the hopes that the jury will deem him innocent out of sheer lack of enough intelligence to commit a crime, his aunt, Grant's grandmother, can accept the final verdict of death, but not the image of her nephew dying like an animal. She calls in a favor from Grant, who reluctantly agrees to visit Jefferson in prison and teach him to die like a man.
If this injustice, the death sentence of an innocent man, cannot be changed in a deeply racist society, then one's attitude about it can be. Jefferson bitterly accepts being called a hog--"it don't matter"--but the story unfolds in those gorgeously clean lines with the meetings between the two men, some of which are nothing more than sitting together in a prison cell for an hour and staring at the ceiling. There are no lectures, no fist-pounding diatribes, no soapbox rantings to vaguely disguise the views of the author in need of getting something off his chest. There is just this fly-on-the-wall observation of two men sharing space, different yet same, both locked into place, both suppressed by their life sentences to a destiny neither deserves but inflicted upon them because of their race.
So how does a man become a man? What differentiates a man from a dumb animal? Our teachers are not always those with the highest intelligence quotient. Our leaders are sometimes those who are silent, but walk to their destiny, however unfair, with clean conscience and straight spine. Whatever is done to a man matters little. What a man does to himself, and how he handles the circumstances of his life, is all that matters. Live or die, a man does so with honor. Just or unjust, a man answers to himself if he has lived with integrity. If he has, he can walk through any trial, toward any fate, with his head held high.
Edward J. Gaines was born on a plantation in Louisiana, where he is now writer-in-residence at the University of Southwestern Louisiana. Previous books include The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman, A Gathering of Old Men, and several others.
~Zinta Aistars for The Smoking Poet
Product DescriptionFrom the author of A Gathering of Old Men and The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman comes a deep and compassionate novel. A young man who returns to 1940s Cajun country to teach visits a black youth on death row for a crime he didn't commit. Together they come to understand the heroism of resisting.
Amazon.com ReviewOprah Book ClubŪ Selection, September 1997: In a small Cajun community in 1940s Louisiana, a young black man is about to go to the electric chair for murder. A white shopkeeper had died during a robbery gone bad; though the young man on trial had not been armed and had not pulled the trigger, in that time and place, there could be no doubt of the verdict or the penalty. "I was not there, yet I was there. No, I did not go to the trial, I did not hear the verdict, because I knew all the time what it would be..." So begins Grant Wiggins, the narrator of Ernest J. Gaines's powerful exploration of race, injustice, and resistance, A Lesson Before Dying. If young Jefferson, the accused, is confined by the law to an iron-barred cell, Grant Wiggins is no less a prisoner of social convention. University educated, Grant has returned to the tiny plantation town of his youth, where the only job available to him is teaching in the small plantation church school. More than 75 years after the close of the Civil War, antebellum attitudes still prevail: African Americans go to the kitchen door when visiting whites and the two races are rigidly separated by custom and by law. Grant, trapped in a career he doesn't enjoy, eaten up by resentment at his station in life, and angered by the injustice he sees all around him, dreams of taking his girlfriend Vivian and leaving Louisiana forever. But when Jefferson is convicted and sentenced to die, his grandmother, Miss Emma, begs Grant for one last favor: to teach her grandson to die like a man. As Grant struggles to impart a sense of pride to Jefferson before he must face his death, he learns an important lesson as well: heroism is not always expressed through action--sometimes the simple act of resisting the inevitable is enough. Populated by strong, unforgettable characters, Ernest J. Gaines's A Lesson Before Dying offers a lesson for a lifetime.
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